高加索牧羊犬
Caucasian Shepherd Dog
Russian breed of livestock guardian dog
简介暂为英文公开资料摘要,后续将逐步整理为手册口吻。
高加索牧羊犬 是一種大型家畜護衛犬，原產於高加索地區，主要分布於喬治亞、亞美尼亞、亞塞拜然及達吉斯坦。 該犬種自約1920年起於蘇聯進行選擇性育種，育種素材來自高加索山脈及俄羅斯南部草原地區的犬隻。 歷史上，喬治亞的高加索山脈一直是高加索牧羊犬最主要的分布區域，無論在數量或犬隻品質上皆居於核心地位。
资料来源 · 维基百科（CC BY-SA）
👁形貌
The Caucasian Ovcharka is a large dog, usually weighing 45–70 kg (99–154 lb). : 71 The preferred height at the withers is in the range 67–70 cm (26–28 in) for bitches, and 72–75 cm (28–30 in) for dogs; the minimum heights and weights for registration are 64 cm (25 in) and 40 kg (88 lb) for bitches, and 68 cm (27 in) and 50 kg (110 lb) for dogs. Life expectancy was reported in 2020 at 10–11 years; : 71 a study published in 2024 found the median lifespan to be 5.4 years, the lowest in all breeds studied; however, the sample size was just 22 dogs. In appearance, it closely resembles the Kars dog.
📜源流
For centuries dogs similar to the Caucasian mountain dogs have served shepherds in the Caucasus Mountains as livestock guardian dogs, : 269 defending sheep from predators, mainly wolves and human sheep-thieves. : 399 These dogs are distributed over a wide area, and there are considerable regional variations: those in Azerbaijan are fairly tall and lightly built; those in Dagestan are smaller and roughly square in outline; those of the former Checheno-Ingush ASSR, now Ingushetia and Chechnya, are heavily built and very large. : 58 It is widely accepted that those of Georgia are better and more